According to Maslow's theory, because needs exist in a hierarchy, which statement best reflects the order of needs?

• A. Higher level needs can precede lower level needs in emergencies
• B. Lower level needs must be satisfied before higher level needs
• C. Physical needs are not necessary for psychological growth
• D. Self-actualization is the first priority

Answer: (B)

Maslow’s theory describes a chain of needs arranged from the most basic to the highest. The idea is that the lower, survival-oriented needs—things like food, shelter, and safety—serve as foundations. Only when these foundational needs are largely satisfied do people become motivated by higher-level needs such as belonging, esteem, and ultimately self-actualization. In practical terms, this means you typically can’t fully pursue growth and peak personal potential while basic needs are unmet. Even in emergencies, the model suggests lower-level needs still have to be addressed before higher-order motivations become dominant. That’s why the statement that lower level needs must be satisfied before higher level needs best reflects the hierarchy. The other options contradict the established order: higher-level needs aren’t prioritized before basic needs, physical needs are foundational for growth, and self-actualization isn’t the starting point.